RouterOS IPv6内网主机侧防火墙策略

从运营商分配到IPv6地址后，并通过路由器分配到内网主机IPv6地址，内网的主机将获取公网IPv6地址，这样带来一个安全问题，即全球互联网都可以访问到你的主机，而不是像IPv4通过路由器的nat转换后到互联网，nat可以隐藏私网IPv4地址，通过配置相应的防火墙保护路由器后的主机非常重要，大致配置方式如下：

1. 接受established/related 数据包;
2. 丢弃非法数据包，并记录到日志中;
3. 接受除了WAN（外网接口）ICMPv6数据包；
4. 接受从客户端到互联网的连接;
5. 丢弃其他所有数据。

首先定义地址列表，这些地址包括本地链路地址、组播地址和你获取的IPv6地址

/ipv6 firewall address-list
add address=fe80::/16 list=allowed
add address=your_ipv6 address  list=allowed
add address=ff02::/16 comment=multicast list=allowed

防火墙1，4，5规则策略组合非常重要，允许从内网到外网的访问，但外网向内网访问被拒绝，保证网络内部IPv6网络的安全性，避免别外部恶意访问，配置如下：

/ipv6 firewall filter
add action=accept chain=forward comment=established,related connection-state=established,related
add action=drop chain=forward comment=invalid connection-state=invalid log=yes log-prefix=ipv6,invalid
add action=accept chain=forward comment=icmpv6 in-interface=! WAN protocol=icmpv6
add action=accept chain=forward comment=”local network” in-interface=!WAN src-address-list=allowed
add action=drop chain=forward log-prefix=IPV6

这个配置是一组IPv6防火墙访问策略，对于内网主机来说是单向策略，只能从内到外，不能从外到内，如果你理解到了，也可以应用于IPv4的防火墙的单向访问策略
如果需要指定外部IPv6地址访问，需在最后一条规则drop所有数据前面加上目标IPv6地址段2001:db8:1::/64

[admin@MikroTik] /ipv6 firewall filter> print
Flags: X – disabled, I – invalid, D – dynamic
0    ;;; allow established and related
chain=input action=accept connection-state=established,related log=no log-prefix=””
1    ;;; accept ICMPv6
chain=input action=accept protocol=icmpv6 log=no log-prefix=””
2    ;;; defconf: accept UDP traceroute
chain=input action=accept protocol=udp port=33434-33534 log=no log-prefix=””
3    ;;; accept DHCPv6-Client prefix delegation.
chain=input action=accept protocol=udp src-address=fe80::/16 dst-port=546 log=no log-prefix=””
4    chain=input action=drop src-address=fe80::/16 in-interface=pppoe-out2 log=yes log-prefix=”dropLL_from_public”
5    ;;; allow allowed addresses
chain=input action=accept src-address-list=allowed log=no log-prefix=””
6    chain=input action=drop log=no log-prefix=””
7    ;;; established,related
chain=forward action=accept connection-state=established,related log=no log-prefix=””
8    ;;; invalid
chain=forward action=drop connection-state=invalid log=yes log-prefix=”ipv6,invalid”
9    ;;; icmpv6
chain=forward action=accept protocol=icmpv6 in-interface=!WAN log=no log-prefix=””
10    ;;; local network
chain=forward action=accept in-interface=!WAN src-address-list=allowed log=no log-prefix=””
11    chain=forward action=drop log=no log-prefix=”IPV6″
[admin@MikroTik] /ipv6 firewall filter> add action=accept chain=forward dst-address=2001:db8:1::1/64
[admin@MikroTik] /ipv6 firewall filter> move 12 11